Saudi Arabia

The Quran states the Hour without scheduling it. Surahs such as al-Qiyama describe the cosmos unmade, the sun folded, the stars scattered, the seas set boiling, the mountains moved, and every soul raised for judgment at a Scale and a Bridge, but the question "when" is refused each time: the Hour is near, sudden, and known only to God, the same shape found in Christian Eschatology and its predecessors. The certainty is absolute and the date is withheld, which puts the Quran in the line of the Jewish and Christian ends while tightening the paradox at its centre.

The hadith make the structure explicit. The collection in Sahih Muslim's Book of Tribulations enumerates the minor signs, moral and social decay, and then the major signs: the appearance of the Dajjal, the deceiving figure, the return of Isa to lead the faithful, the release of Gog and Magog, and the rising of the sun from the west. The Mahdi, the rightly-guided one, enters the later literature as the figure who precedes the end. Wilferd Madelung traced the Mahdi's political origins, and Jean-Pierre Filiu surveyed how each figure has been mobilised across Islamic history.

The Arab setting matters because the end was made a present moral spur rather than a distant timetable. The Hour is always near, which is the operative point: behaviour is calibrated to a judgment that may fall at any moment. The doctrine is treated in Qiyamah and Islamic Eschatology, and the adversary in The Dajjal. What Saudi Arabia contributes is the youngest of the Abrahamic ends and the one that most thoroughly removed the date in order to keep the pressure constant.