Armenia
A borderland where the end was expected to arrive from outside.
Armenia accepted Christianity as a state religion in 301, before Rome, and became a conduit and reworking of older Jewish and Greek end-time material. The Armenian Church preserved the Book of Enoch in its Ge'ez form as canonical only there, and the Armenian Apocalypse of Peter carried a detailed account of the heavens, the fate of souls, and the final judgment into centuries of copied and read manuscript.
Geography made the rest specific. The Caucasus sits at the edge of the older cosmographies, and the Alexander Romance's gates built to contain Gog and Magog took root there: the mountains became the wall behind which the nations of the end were penned. Movsēs Khorenats'i weaves such motifs into a national foundation story bound to a divine chronology. As with neighbouring Georgia, the end arrived with the book and the monastery and stayed a received eschatology rather than a constructed one.
The tradition is treated in Armenian and Georgian Eschatology, beside Christian Eschatology and the Gog and Magog that the gates contain. The Georgian case is close enough that the two are treated together; the difference is mostly one of chroniclers, with the Caucasian Albanian history of Movsēs Dasxuranc'i extending the same frame southward. What unites them is the absence of a native, pre-Christian end-time frame: the last day reached the Caucasus with the book and the monastery, and stayed a received eschatology rather than a constructed one.
See also
- Armenian and Georgian EschatologyThe Christian Caucasus received Jewish and Greek apocalyptic early, made the Eno
- Christian EschatologyThe teaching that history moves toward the return of Christ, a resurrection of t
- Gog and MagogThe nameless northern nations of biblical and Islamic eschatology, confined behi
- Book of EnochA Jewish apocalypse of the second century BCE that opened the heavens, populated
Further reading
- Movsēs Khorenats'i, History of the Armenians, tr. R. W. Thomson · Harvard, 1978